Buy a Franchise
Buying a franchise is one of the easiest ways to start a business, but for most people, the first question is always: how will I pay for it?
From SBA-backed loans and retirement rollovers to home equity and equity partners, today’s franchise buyers have more financing options than ever. Understanding how those options work, and how to combine them strategically, can significantly impact not only your ability to buy a franchise, but also your long-term cash flow, risk exposure and growth potential.
The first step in financing a franchise is understanding what funding tools are available. Janean C. Germany, an experienced franchise and SBA lender who has funded numerous franchise brands, says the process should begin with broad conversations across multiple lenders.
“A typical prospective franchisee will talk to five or six preferred lenders of the brand to gain insight into what lending programs are available to them,” Germany said. “For the most part, that will be the U.S. SBA program.”
While the SBA 7(a) loan is still the go-to choice for financing thanks to its longer repayment terms and lower upfront cash requirement, it's smart for buyers to know about other ways to get the money they need. Depending on your personal finances, you could draw on retirement funds through a ROBS setup, for example, or get a Home Equity Line of Credit (HELOC). You could also use your personal savings or investments, or bring on an equity partner. Most people combine two or more of these options. This blended strategy helps distribute the risk and keeps more cash accessible.
No matter how a buyer chooses to fund their franchise, all lenders and financial partners assess risk in much the same way. Understanding their criteria early on will help franchise buyers submit stronger applications and steer clear of unexpected issues that could slow down or completely stop their approval.
“A good credit history is important — having a good liquidity position to satisfy the injection requirements and also outside income to support personal needs,” Germany said.
Lenders want confidence that borrowers can manage both personal expenses and business obligations during the ramp-up phase, when the franchise may not yet be cash-flow positive.
“A bank or lender does not want someone who doesn’t have that outside income to support themselves,” Germany added, “because the process of opening that business and getting it ramped up — you don’t want to place your burden on that new startup business.”
One of the most common misconceptions among franchise buyers is that all SBA loans are essentially the same. While the SBA sets broad program guidelines, individual banks structure loans differently, which can lead to meaningful variations in interest rates, fees, repayment schedules and overall cost.
“Make sure that you are exploring several different banks,” Germany said. “While it is the same SBA program that banks utilize, the rates and terms and loan structure can look very different from bank to bank.”
She compares the process to shopping for a car: the price may be fixed, but financing terms vary. Over time, even small differences in loan structure can significantly affect monthly cash flow and break-even timelines and a franchisee’s ability to pursue future expansion. This becomes especially important for construction-heavy franchises or multi-unit investment plans.
Franchise financing is not the same as general small-business lending. Brand standards, buildout requirements, royalties and coordinated opening timelines add layers of complexity that require specialized experience.
“The lender will work with the franchisee to obtain all the loan due diligence and ensure all the loan conditions are satisfied,” Germany said. “Once the loan is closed, you want to ensure you are working with an experienced bank who can work with you through the construction process.”
Buyers should feel comfortable asking lenders about their franchise experience, including how many franchise projects they have funded and whether they have worked with similar brands or categories.
One of the most costly mistakes first-time franchise buyers make is committing to franchise agreements or leases before financing is fully secured.
“Make sure you have had that conversation with the lender before signing on the franchise agreement,” Germany said. “I have seen borrowers who have gone out, signed a franchise agreement, signed a lease with a landlord and weren’t able to get financing.”
Confirming financing early protects buyers from unnecessary risk and ensures that once agreements are signed, the project can move forward.
Not every franchise owner relies primarily on debt to fund their business. Some buyers choose to self-fund or supplement traditional loans with personal capital to retain control, reduce interest exposure or move faster.
Matt Cawley, a franchisee with TruBlue Home Service Ally, took this approach when launching his business. “Sure, you could invest that capital elsewhere and get a 7% to 10% return,” Cawley said. “But nothing compares to launching a business, making it successful and building something that generates income for the next generation.”
For many buyers, funding decisions are not just about cost efficiency. They are about long-term value creation, flexibility and legacy.
Growing and selling franchises is difficult. Want to learn more about how 1851 helps franchisors grow their franchises with confidence? Visit www.1851growthclub.com and see what we can do for you.
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